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Glycopeptides are peptides with carbohydrate moieties (glycan) covalently attached to the side chains of the amino acid residues. They are widely distributed in nature and play important roles in many biological processes. Glycopeptides have emerged as important therapeutic agents, such as antibiotics, anti-cancer drugs, and immunomodulators. For example, glycopeptide antibiotics, like vancomycin and teicoplanin, work by interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis, leading to bacterial cell death. The mechanism of glycopeptide antibiotics involve the following steps: binding to the bacterial cell wall precursor molecule, inhibition of transglycosylation, and inhibition of transpeptidation. They also inhibit effects on RNA synthesis in the cytoplasm.
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